Dr. Arefzadeh is Assistant Prof of Endocrinology and Metabolism.

Dr. Arefzadeh graduated from Tehran University of Medical Sciences in the field of Internal Medicine in 2008.

He graduated from Tehran University of Medical Sciences in the field of Endocrinology and Metabolism in 2012.

He has many researchs about internal medicine and endocrinology fields.

He is clinician and researcher and he works about diabetes mellitus, GDM, international education of diabetes and other endocrinology fields.

He likes teaching students, interns, residents and fellowships.

Dr. Arefzadeh has IELTS Document and he can speak three languages: English, Danish and Persian.

Dr. Arefzadeh has educated Iranians around the world regarding on the importance of Diabetes Mellitus and other metabolic disorders and has helped to resolve problems in the Iranian community.

He is member of American Diabetes Association(ADA) and European Society of Endocrinology(ESE) and European Research Association(CORDIS).

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Stresss and Diabetes

Stress is the most important factor to predispose to diabetes.

Many diabetic patients have had a major stress before diabetes in my eperiences.

I have visited many diabetic patients who didn't  have positive diabetic family history,however, they have developed diabetes and they had major stress before diabetes.  

Stress can increase blood sugar and it can lead to bad habits like overeating, which can make diabetes harder to manage. 

Recerntly, some papers were published about this subject.

I strongly recommended to avoid stress and anxiety.

Dr. Alireza Arefzadeh.

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Comparison of osteoprotegerin and vascular endothelial growth factor in normoalbuminuric Type 1 diabetic and control subjects

Comparison of osteoprotegerin and vascular endothelial growth factor in normoalbuminuric Type 1 diabetic and control subjects
Alireza Esteghamati, M.D. 1,*, Alireza Arefzadeh, M.D. 1, Ali Zandieh, M.D., M.P.H. 1,
Mohammad Salehi Sadaghiani, M.D., M.P.H. 1, Sina Noshad, M.D., M.P.H. 1, Manouchehr
Nakhjavani, M.D. 1
1 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, School of
Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
* Address correspondence to Alireza Esteghamati, Endocrinology and Metabolism
Research Center (EMRC), Vali-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract:
Background: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the association of osteoprotegerin
and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) with glycaemic indices and diabetes status.
Methods: A total of 44 normoalbuminuric type-1 diabetic patients and 44 healthy control
subjects, matched for age, body mass index, sex ratio and lipid measures were enrolled.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the association of
osteoprotegerin and VEGF with diabetes status. Further, linear regression analysis was
performed to investigate the roles of osteoprotegerin and VEGF as determinants of hemoglobin
A1c (HbA1c).
Results: Osteoprotegerin and VEGF were significantly elevated in diabetic subjects
(2.76±0.85 vs. 2.26±0.75 pmol/l and 187.1±92.7 vs. 125.9±52.3 pg/ml, respectively, P <0.01)
and were positively correlated with glycaemic indices (i.e. fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c, P
<0.001). After controlling for possible confounding factors odds ratios (confidence interval) of
osteoprotegerin and VEGF for diabetes were 2.113 (1.043-4.280) and 1.014 (1.002-1.026),
respectively (P <0.05). Further, linear regression analysis revealed that the association of
osteoprotegerin with HbA1c is independent of VEGF and vice versa (P <0.001).
Conclusion: Osteoprotegerin and VEGF are elevated in normoalbuminuric type 1 diabetic
subjects and are independently associated with glycaemic indices and diabetes status.

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Diabetes mellitus is very common in Iran.

It is a complex disease and patients need to control four important factors :

1) Reduce stress and sudden emotional behaviour

2)Control of Diet 

3) Excersie 

4) Self monitoring blood glucose 

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